A Love Letter To Low-Cost Vanguard Fees
My grandfather used to say “If there’s one thing I hate, it’s something I don’t like.” Over the course of the last year, I’ve learned that if there’s one thing I hate, it’s paying fees. Which just so happens to be something I don’t like.
What kind of fees? Any kind of fees. In just over a year of Impersonal Finances, I’ve harped on the following types of money monsters:
Rather than express further disdain for the existing fees in my life, I thought it worth highlighting the preferred alternative at Vanguard, which will come as no surprise to any personal finance enthusiast.
Dearest Vanguard
Yes, this is simply an appreciation of Vanguard’s low-cost fees, and an explanation of the minimal charges that I incur in my Vanguard brokerage account. In short, Vanguard is the antidote for investing fees—the exact type of fee that usually draws my ire.
While the folks at Bogleheads and virtually every FIRE blogger have covered all the virtues of Vanguard for years now, I thought it important to spread a little more digital ink on these Impersonal pages of the internet. A handful of perturbed Googlers seem to find their way to my Edward Jones horror story and I wanted to give them a happy ending to the money slasher film they’ve co-starred in.
Vanguard’s mutual fund fee structure is spelled out on their website, but I’ll give the cliff notes below.
Account service fees – $0 with e-delivery ($20/year otherwise)
I can think of no Earthly idea why you wouldn’t go paperless with your account statements and save yourself a flat $20 annual fee, but should you refuse, the $20 account fee would still qualify as below industry average. Seriously though, just sign up for e-delivery and save them the mailing costs in exchange for a free, no-fee account.
Sign up online, opt-in to paperless delivery, and boom, you have yourself an investment account at no cost to you. No need for a brick-and-mortar visit and an awkward conversation with a salesman masquerading as an investment advisor.
Expense ratios – as low as 0.04%
Vanguard’s founder, John Bogle, is one of the great unsung heroes of the investing world and should carry more mainstream name recognition than he does. Not only is he credited with creating the first index fund, but more importantly he’s known for making these funds accessible to the average investor. But then again, what kind of an egomaniac would he have to be to name a financial institution after himself? (In fairness to Mr. Jones, they’re all egomaniacs.)
An important component to these index funds—and another reason why these passive investments consistently outperform active management strategies over the long haul—is their miniscule expense ratios. Expense ratios massively undercut your performance over time. Since it’s a percentage-based figure, the more you have invested, the more real dollars are coming out of your account.
The difference between Admiral Shares and Investor Shares
For investments of over $10,000, investors are able to purchase Admiral Shares, which carry insanely low expense ratios to the tune of 0.04% for VTSAX (their all-encompassing total stock market fund that is favored in the personal finance space and includes a piece of more than 3,000 different companies). The Investor class of shares for this same fund (for amounts less than $10,000) is still very cheap at 0.14%. And, fear not, once your VTSMX crosses the $10k threshold, those shares will automatically switch over to VTSAX and apply the 0.1% expense ratio savings without your intervention.
While VTSAX is the aggressive all-stock approach of choice, you could also follow Ramit Sethi’s advice in I Will Teach You To Be Rich and choose a Target Date fund, especially if you’re closer to your retirement. The expense ratios for these funds, which are even more diversified with a mixture of stocks and bonds, are similarly low at around 0.15%.
VTSAX vs. VTI
If you hop around the personal finance blogosphere, you might notice some inconsistencies between how enthusiasts such as myself refer to Vanguard’s darling fund. Some refer to VTSAX while others refer to VTI. The good news? They’re pretty much the same. VTSAX is a mutual fund and VTI is an exchange-traded fund (ETF), but both track the same index.
Technically, though, VTI charges an even smaller fee of 0.03%, and the minimum investment required is simply the price of a single share of VTI, whereas VTSMX requires at least $3,000. ETFs trade throughout the day, like stocks, while mutual funds are priced at the end of the trading day. For the purposes of a long-term buy-and-hold investor, it really doesn’t matter.
What other fees will you pay at Vanguard?
What? That’s it? An account fee that’s easily waived and a tiny expense ratio? Yep, that’s it.
There’s a reason so many finance folks sing the praises of Vanguard, and nowadays more and more brokerages offer low-cost index funds. There’s simply no reason to remain at a fee-fiend firm like Edward Jones when you can take charge of your own investments with such ease. Deposit an initial investment, set up some automatic transfers to the preferred fund in either a Roth IRA (up to $6,000) or a brokerage account, and you’ve got the cheapest, easiest investment account around.
What if you still want someone to manage your money?
OK, so you know it’s easy—but you don’t care. You simply don’t feel comfortable managing your own money, especially as those accounts grow into larger sums. Nothing to be ashamed of.
For accounts over $50,000, Vanguard does offer financial advisor services, at a cost of 0.3% of your entire portfolio. Most advisors will charge a whole percentage point (or more) of your account, so that’s a significant savings of at least 0.7% of your assets each year if you do decide that you need an investor after all. It’s still a larger bite of the investing apple than I’m willing to personally absorb, but you’re not me and I’m not you. Do what you think is best for you, not for some random blogger you stumbled upon.
Love, Impersonal Finances
A final note: Just to be abundantly clear, this is not an affiliate post and I am in no way profiting off of you or Vanguard by recommending their services. I spend a lot of time talking about some of the moronic money moves I make, so perhaps I needed my own positive reinforcement. Quite simply, moving away from Edward Jones and into Vanguard is likely to be the best financial decision I ever make.
Haha, your grandfather sounds like Yogi Berra: funny and wise. I also always get a laugh out of your hatred for fees. I’m the same way. Fantastic breakdown of VTI and VTSAX. John Bogle and Vanguard really are gifts from the personal finance gods!
Can’t stand ’em! Most of the fees just seem like something that will be eventually weeded out with competition, similar to trading fees. Once one brokerage or firm does away with a particular fee (or reduces it significantly), it’s only a matter of time before the other dominoes fall.
I was so excited when the city added Vanguard to our retirement lineup! Previously, I had gotten psyched out by the sneaky naming of the pension management company’s own funds – Vantagepoint – and had been briefly delighted and then completely disgusted. But finally, FINALLY, we were actually given access to VTSAX in our 401(a) and 457(b) accounts. Many (ok, most – ok, ok, ALL) of my coworkers were a little bemused by my excitement.
Fast forward to this June, and the city’s announcement that we’re switching pension management companies. My first order of business? A three-hour search of every fund list I could find under the new management company, and then an email to our HR and Finance departments asking for explicit clarification on whether my Vanguard funds would still be available in the new system. They will be. I am deeply relieved. (Still annoyed with the city about other things, but at least they left my Vanguard alone!)
That’s awesome! The one thing I’d look it, if you have a popular 401k provider like Fidelity, is whether their own version of S&P or Total market indexes have cheaper expense ratios within that particular plan. I had been in some Vanguard Target Date funds through Fidelity (the only Vanguard funds they offered) before realizing they juiced up the fees a bit in my plan. I made the switch to Fidelity’s S&P index instead, which I accidentally timed pretty well considering there is more domestic stock exposure as opposed to bonds.
No, unfortunately – being in local government means we don’t use the ‘normal’ providers! Even Microsoft Office has a designated ‘government tenant’ system instead of the standard enterprise system. Which sucks, but that’s another story…
The system we’re switching too actually has a pretty rotten reputation when it comes to their proprietary funds. I won’t say who they are, except to say that all of us in the Denver area still call the stadium they just bought Mile High – and we always will!
Instead, I keep my traditional IRA at Fidelity, in their zero-fee total market index fund (I’m not doing Roth right now, because keeping my current taxable income low is more important at the moment.) That way, I get the best mix that I’ve been able to cobble together of low fee broad market trackers.
Vanguard index funds are just so amazing. I remember I was helping a coworker set up his daughter’s college fund and I saw that the fees that they were charging were like 1%. I immediately told him to never, EVER do something like that as that is like robbery in plain sight.
We need more companies like Vanguard to pop up!
I really can’t envision a scenario in which I move off their platform. I feel such a debt of gratitude toward John Bogle that even if there are newer, marginally better competitors that emerge, I am too much of a Boglehead myself!
When my kids first opened their Roth IRAs, they often didn’t have the minimum $3,000 for VTSAX. I put them in VTI instead, and then flipped it to VTSAX once they met the minimum. VTSAX is nice because 100% of their money is fully working. With VTI, they could only start with whole shares, leaving a little bit at money market rates. Not enough to mean much, though.
Another good point worth calling out. The differences between VTI and VTSAX are barely enough to be perceptible, but they definitely confused me when I was first starting out!
oh, the beloved vtsax. i know i was elated when the fee to buy/sell individual stocks dropped to zero dollars at td ameritrade. it really leveled the playing field for the little guys just starting out who were investing in the hundreds of dollar range and not the thousands.
haha I know how you love your VTSAX! Trading fees are another example of fees I loathe–but as you mention they have fortunately gone mostly by the wayside. Since those were usually flat fees, it amounted to a much larger percentage for the little guys, for sure.
“…awkward conversation with a salesman masquerading as an investment advisor.” I don’t think very many people out there realize just how true that statement is.
Always complicated because, in most communities, that salesman is also a close friend or family member. You expect that they have your best interests at heart as both a trusted acquaintance AND investment professional.
Thanks for clarifying on VTSAX and VTI!
That always confused me when I first looked into Vanguard!